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1.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 15(4): 138-144, 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437500

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: la diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) es una complicación común del embarazo siendo su prevalencia muy variable según la población estudiada y los criterios diagnósticos empleados. Sabemos que la DMG se asocia con un aumento de numerosas complicaciones a nivel materno-fetal, así como a un aumento del riesgo de DMG en futuros embarazos y de diabetes tipo 2 a largo plazo. Objetivos: nuestro objetivo es investigar de forma retrospectiva la evolución a largo plazo (9 años) de las 225 pacientes diagnosticadas de DMG en el Hospital Severo Ochoa en el año 2013 en el screening prenatal. Determinar la incidencia a largo plazo de alteración del metabolismo hidrocarbonado (AMH) y su relación con parámetros clínicos y bioquímicos en la gestación. Métodos: se ha realizado la revisión de Historias Clínicas informatizadas en el programa Selene y en papel del archivo hospitalario. Se han revisado las analíticas en los programas infinity/ Omega y la evolución en el programa Horus de Atención Primaria. Se ha revisado los tratamientos en el módulo de prescripción única (MUP). Conclusiones: la incidencia de AMH en nuestra serie a 9 años de seguimiento es del 22%. El porcentaje de screening postparto es bajo (41%). Los factores asociados independientemente con el desarrollo de AMH son la glucemia basal en el screening, la existencia de obesidad pregestacional y la aparición de trastornos hipertensivos durante la gestación.


INTRODUCTION: gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancies with a variable prevalence depending on the studied population and the diagnostic criteria used. We know that GDM is associated to numerous complications for the mother and the baby as well as a higher risk of GDM in future pregnancies and type 2 diabetes on the long term. Objective: our objective is to investigate retrospectively the long term (9 years) evolution of 225 patients diagnosed with GDM in the Hopital Severo Ochoa along 2013 in the prenatal screening. To determinate the long term incidence of hydrocarbonate metabolism alterations (HMA) and its relationship with clinical and biochemical parameters in the pregnancy. Methods: we have search the Medical Records computerized in the Selene program and in paper in the hospital Archives. The analyses in the programs Infinity and Omega have been reviewed as well as the clinical evolution in the Primary Care program Horus. The actual treatments have been searched in the Madrid system of electronical prescription (MUP). Conclusions: HMA incidence in our patients series is 22% at 9 years. After delivery the screening is low (41%). Basal glucose at screening during pregnancy, pregestational obesity and the ocurrence of hypertensive alterations during pregnancy were the independent factors associated to HMA at long term.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Diabetes, Gestational , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Postpartum Period , Time Factors , Logistic Models , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies
2.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 26(1): 115-118, Jan.-Mar. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-844134

ABSTRACT

Abstract New World Nonhuman Primates are highly susceptible to clinical toxoplasmosis. Serum samples from 126 recently captured Leontopithecus chrysomelas, from an exotic and invasive population, were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT, cut-off 1:25); all were seronegative. The MAT is highly specific and is not species-specific. This is the first report of T. gondii survey in this tamarin in the wild. This result is consistent with prior reports that showed the high susceptibility of the species to infection by T. gondii usually with high mortality rates.


Resumo Primatas não humanos são extremamente susceptíveis a toxoplasmose. No presente estudo, 126 Leontopithecus chrysomelas foram capturados de uma população de vida livre, exótica e invasora, e amostras de soros foram testadas para a presença de anticorpos anti- Toxoplasma gondii pelo Teste de Aglutinação Modificado (MAT, ponto de corte 1:25). Todos os animais testados foram negativos. O MAT é um teste altamente específico e não é espécie-específico. Esse é o primeiro estudo de pesquisa por anticorpos anti- T. gondii nessa espécie em vida livre. O resultado corrobora com o conhecimento prévio sobre a susceptibilidade dessa espécie a infecção pelo parasite T. gondii.


Subject(s)
Animals , Toxoplasma/immunology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Leontopithecus/immunology , Brazil , Agglutination Tests/methods , Agglutination Tests/veterinary , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/immunology
3.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 46(4): 1257-1263, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769651

ABSTRACT

Increasing interactions between humans, domestic animals and wildlife may result in inter-species transmission of infectious agents. To evaluate the presence of pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella spp. and to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates, rectal swabs from 36 different free-ranging wild mammals were taken from two distinct natural sites in Brazil: Cantareira State Park (CSP, state of São Paulo) and Santa Isabel do Rio Negro Region (SIRNR, state of Amazonas). The swabs were randomly collected and processed for bacterial isolation, identification, characterization and antimicrobial resistance. Eighteen E. coli strains from CSP and 20 from SIRNR were recovered from 14 and 22 individuals, respectively. Strains from animals captured in CSP, the site with the greatest anthropization, exhibited a higher range and percentage of virulence genes, including an eae+/bfpA+ strain. Antimicrobial resistance was verified in strains originating from both sites; however, in strains from SIRNR, aminopenicillins were almost the exclusive antimicrobial class to which strains exhibited resistance, whereas in CSP there were strains resistant to cephalosporins, sulfonamide, aminoglycoside, tetracycline and fluoroquinolone, in addition to strains exhibiting multidrug resistance. Two strains of Salmonella enterica that are known to be associated with reptiles, serotypes Belem and 60:r:e,n,z15, were recovered only from Amazonian animals and showed susceptibility to all classes of antimicrobials that were tested. Although the potential impact of these pathogens on wildlife remains unknown, bacteria isolated from free-ranging wild animals may provide relevant information about environmental health and should therefore be more deeply studied.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Wild , Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology , Escherichia coli Infections/veterinary , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Salmonella Infections, Animal/epidemiology , Salmonella Infections, Animal/microbiology , Salmonella enterica/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/genetics , Rectum/microbiology , Salmonella enterica/drug effects , Salmonella enterica/genetics , Virulence Factors/analysis , Virulence Factors/genetics
4.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 57(4): 421-424, jul.-ago. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-597026

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Os antimicrobianos são utilizados de forma indiscriminada na prática médica, contribuindo com a emergência de cepas microbianas resistentes. MÉTODOS: Este estudo descreve a auditoria de antimicrobianos realizada por análise prospectiva de 846 prontuários de pacientes internados no Hospital Santa Cruz, em Santa Cruz do Sul - Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil. RESULTADOS: Do total dos pacientes analisados, 134 (15,8 por cento) receberam antimicrobianos. A auditoria foi realizada de modo interativo, com intervenção e discussão com o médico prescritor. Considerando-se o diagnóstico presumido e a droga prescrita, verificou-se que 74,6 por cento dos pacientes em uso de antimicrobiano receberam o tratamento considerado de primeira escolha. A inadequação do antimicrobiano para o diagnóstico clínico (5,2 por cento) e a falta do ajuste para a função renal (43,7 por cento) foram os equívocos mais frequentes. CONCLUSÃO: Um planejamento estratégico direcionado ao uso racional de antimicrobianos baseado em práticas educacionais intervencionistas pode auxiliar o médico do controle de infecção a adequar as rotinas com melhoria da qualidade da assistência.


OBJECTIVE: Antimicrobials are used interchangeably in medical practice, contributing to the emergence of resistant microbial strains. METHODS: This study describes the antimicrobial audit performed by forecasting analysis of medical records of 846 patients at the Hospital Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Sul - Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. RESULTS: Of the patients studied, 134 (15.8 percent) received antimicrobials. The audit was conducted interactively, with intervention and discussion with the prescriber. Considering the presumptive diagnosis and prescribed drug, it was verified that 74.6 percent of patients on antimicrobials received what was considered the first choice treatment. Inadequate antimicrobial agent for clinical diagnosis (5.2 percent) and lack of adjustment for renal function (43.7 percent) were the most frequent errors. CONCLUSION: A strategic plan aimed at the rational use of antimicrobials based on educational and interventionist practices can help the infection control professional to adjust the routines to improve healthcare quality.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Inappropriate Prescribing/statistics & numerical data , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Hospitals, Teaching/statistics & numerical data , Kidney/drug effects , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Prospective Studies , Time Factors
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 9(1)jan.-fev. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-577704

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A espondilodiscite é uma entidade clínica de difícil diagnóstico devido à clínica inespecífica e sinais radiológicos tardios. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de espondilodiscite secundária à endocardite bacteriana por Staphylococcus aureus, adquirido na comunidade. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo feminino, 79 anos, branca, casada, procedente de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, em tratamento regular de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Iniciou com piora de dor lombar crônica e dificuldade para deambular. Os exames de imagem demonstravam lesão lítica de vértebras lombares que após investigação foi definida como espondilodiscite decorrente de endocardite bacteriana. CONCLUSÃO: A endocardite infecciosa, em consequência da gravidade, deverá fazer parte do diagnóstico diferencial de doenças causadas por provável disseminação hematogênica, especialmente, em pacientes que apresentam condições que aumentam o risco de endocardite, como prolapso de valva mitral, doença valvar degenerativa e uso de fármacos por via venosa.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spondylodiscitis is a clinical entity difficult to diagnose because of nonspecific clinical and radiologics signs late. The aim was to report a case of spondylodiscitis secondary to bacterial endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, community-acquired. CASE REPORT: Female patient, 79 years old, white, married, resident of Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, regular treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Began with worsening of chronicback pain and difficulty in walking. Imaging tests showed osteolytic lesion of the lumbar vertebrae that after investigation it was defined to be due to complication of bacterial endocarditis. CONCLUSION: Infective endocarditis should be part of the differential diagnosis of disease caused by probable hematogenous dissemination, especially in patients who have conditions increase the risk of endocarditis, such as mitral valve prolapsed,valve heart disease degenerative and intravenous drug use.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Discitis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/complications , Staphylococcus aureus
6.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 20(2): 154-159, Apr.-May 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-550008

ABSTRACT

Uma das alternativas para reduzir o uso de agrotóxicos pode ser a utilização de óleos essenciais para o controle de doenças e pragas que afetam a produção agrícola. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o efeito fungicida dos óleos essenciais de Schinus molle L. e Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, espécies nativas amplamente distribuídas na região. Os óleos foram extraídos por hidrodestilação e analisados por cromatografia gasosa. Os fungos fitopatógenos Alternaria spp., Botrytis spp., Colletotrichum spp. e Fusarium spp., foram isolados a partir de gérberas e rosas com sintomas de doença e os ensaios de atividade antifúngica foram realizados através da técnica de difusão em disco e os dados analisados pelo teste de Tukey e Duncan a 5 por cento. Em geral o óleo essencial de S. molle foi efetivo para os quatro fungos testados, nas quatro diluições utilizadas e para todos os tempos avaliados e o óleo essencial de S. terebinthifolius apresenta efeito fungicida mais pronunciado contra Botrytis spp., a partir de testes in vitro.


One of the alternatives to reduce the use of pesticides may be the use of essential oils to control diseases and pests that affect agricultural production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fungicide effect of essential oils of Schinus molle L. and Schinus terebinthifoliusRaddi, native species widely distributed in the region. The oils were extracted by hydro distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography. The phytopathogenic fungi Alternariaspp., Botrytisspp., Colletotrichumspp. and Fusarium spp., were isolated from "gerberas" and roses with symptoms of disease and antifungal activity of the tests were carried out by the technique of spreading disk. The data was analyzed by Tukey and Duncan tests to 5 percent. In general, the essential oil of S. mollewas effective for the four fungi tested, for the four dilutions used and for all the times evaluated. The essential oil of S. terebinthifolius presents more pronounced fungicide effect against Botrytisspp., from in vitro tests.

7.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 45(3): 219-224, jul.-set. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-494330

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Early peritoneal recurrence of gastric carcinoma following curative resection remains a great challenge in the treatment and prevention of this disease. AIM: To analyze the relationship between levels of tumor markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA 19-9 in the sera and peritoneal washing, and anatomopathological aspects of the gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Of the 46 patients in the study, 29 (63.0 percent) were males and 17 (37.0 percent) females. Mean age was 63.6 ± 11.7 years (31 to 91 years). Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the upper limb vein from both patient groups after anesthetic induction, in order to determine serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9. After the end of the procedure, 50 mL of physiologic solution was introduced into the bottom of the Douglas sack and a portion aspirated to determine CEA and CA 19-9 levels in the peritoneal washing. Levels of CEA and CA 19-9 in the sera and peritoneal washing were compared to the following variables: lesion diameter ≤4 cm or >4 cm, lymph node involvement, angiolymphatic invasion, depth of invasion into gastric wall, and initial or late stage. RESULTS: Sera CEA levels were significantly higher in patients with lesions >5 cm. CEA levels in the sera and peritoneal washing were significantly greater in patients with signet ring cell gastric carcinoma. In addition, levels of CEA in peripheral blood and peritoneal washing showed significant association with the degree of carcinoma penetration into the gastric wall, while sera CEA was significantly higher in patients at more advanced stages. There was no significant difference between sera and peritoneal CEA values regarding grade of differentiation. Patients with gastric lesions measuring > 5cm and more differentiated lesions had significantly higher sera CA 19-9 values. In patients with lymph nodes invasion by gastric carcinoma, CA 19-9 levels in peritoneal washing were significantly higher than in ...


RACIONAL: A recidiva peritonial precoce do carcinoma gástrico operado com intenção curativa continua sendo um grande desafio do seu tratamento e prevenção. OBJETIVO: Analisar a relação entre os níveis do marcador tumoral antígeno carcinoembriônico (CEA) e CA 19-9 no sangue e no lavado peritonial e os aspectos anatomopatológicos do carcinoma gástrico. MÉTODO: Dos 46 doentes do estudo, 29 (63,0 por cento) eram do sexo masculino e 17 (37,0 por cento) do feminino. A média de idade foi de 63,6 ± 11,7 anos (31 a 91 anos). Após a indução anestésica, o sangue venoso periférico foi coletado de veia do membro superior para a determinação do nível sérico do CEA e CA 19-9. Após o término do procedimento operatório foram derramados 50 mL de solução fisiológica no fundo de saco de Douglas, aspirada alíquota que foi encaminhada para a determinação do nível no lavado peritonial do CEA e CA 19-9. O nível do CEA e do CA 19-9 sérico e no lavado peritonial foram relacionados às seguintes variáveis: diâmetro da lesão ≤4 cm ou >4 cm, comprometimento linfonodal, invasão angiolifática, profundidade de invasão na parede gástrica e estádio inicial ou tardio. RESULTADOS: Em relação ao CEA, o nível sérico foi significantemente maior nos doentes com o diâmetro da lesão >5 cm. O nível de CEA sérico e no lavado peritonial foi significantemente maior nos doentes com carcinoma gástrico com células em anel de sinete. O nível de CEA no sangue periférico e no lavado peritonial mostrou relação significante com o nível de penetração do carcinoma na parede gástrica, e o CEA sérico foi significantemente mais elevado nos doentes com estádio mais avançados. Não houve diferença significante entre os valores do CEA sérico e peritonial nos carcinomas mais diferenciados em relação aos menos diferenciados. No tocante ao CA 19-9, os enfermos com lesões gástricas com diâmetro >5 cm e mais diferenciadas exibiram valores séricos de CA 19-9 significantemente maiores. Nos doentes ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , /analysis , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis , Peritoneal Lavage , Stomach Neoplasms/chemistry , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging , Predictive Value of Tests , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery
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